When we turn on a television set, we get a range of channels to keep us informed and entertained for all the 7 days of a week. When we browse the internet, an ocean of information floods at a click of a mouse. I guess we are just way to lucky to live in this era of advanced technology. These media plays a very crucial role in our day to day life in shaping our beliefs, perceptions, ideas, values and our behaviour in the society. It is a powerful medium of education and entertainment in numerous ways. But did we ever stop for a while and think what impact exactly is the media leaving on you, me, our family, on the coming generation and the society?

Our society is rampant with corruption, crime, etc. and many a times media plays the role of adding fuel to aggressive behaviour, violence, sex, obscenity etc. however more over in the younger generation.

The following two posts will deal with such issues. It is to be noted that the following posts are analysis of five research papers each post. The first post will be a brief analysis on the effects of violence in media and the second on the sexual content in media. Each post has a bibliography of the research papers followed for this project.

7 February 2013

Media’s Sexual Cacophony Continues...

Today anyone who watches television goes to the movies, picks up a magazine or a newspaper knows that sex is prominent across all media forms. Whatever messages they convey whether positive or negative ideas are viewed by all and raise a reasonable question as to what influence will it have on its viewer (Edin Gruber, Joel Grube).        

However, the sexual content depicted through the media can affect any group but particularly the adolescent as they are the most vulnerable of all the groups. This has lead to an increasing concern about the younger audience’s exposure to sexual content through the print and electronic media having an adverse effect on their sexual attitudes, behaviour and beliefs. This group may be more at risk because of cognitive skills that allow them to critically analyze messages from the media and to make decisions based on possible future outcomes are not fully developed (Kaiser Family Foundation).

Ward’s analysis (1995) concludes that the prime time shows viewed by adolescents were containing more of sex through shows like Friends, How I Met Your Mother, Simpsons.

This is not only limited to soap operas. The talkies have a major hand in it to. Every movie these days has intimidating scenes. It is not something new as even the early 50’s had them. But these scenes were depicted beautifully just by two roses mingling with each other on the screen. However this isn’t the case today Elongated bed scenes with much close ups are shown.

 It is clearly visible that media uses women as a sexist symbol to convey the sexual themes and ideas. Like in the ad of Slice juice, Katrina Kaif is completely portrayed at the verge of arousal in a juice ad fondling the mango with the ad is named as ‘Amasutra.’ However, no nudity or vulgar sexual behaviour was depicted in the ad (Meraj Ahmed Mubarki). But many a times, women are shown as shoddy and vulgar. Like the old Amul Macho ad, where a newly married women in a village gets aroused while washing her man’s inner garments at a river side. Second example condom ads where a woman is shown in bed lying and fantasying about her man in a vulgar way. All the Axe deo ads where the guy is followed by a mob of hot girls seductively are absurd.

Also in many of the MTV videos it is the female who wearing revealing clothes with a combination of aggression and sexual imaginary. Today’s rap music is crystal clear about both sex and violence. Examples: Eniemen, Enrique, Rihana, Lady Gaga,etc.

The print media equally participates in this rat race. Many magazines and news papers have columns dedicated to sex. There, youngsters discuss their sex life and get advice from sexpert. Many female magazines address a guy as ‘boy toys.’ This has resulted into doubling the number of stories with sexual content and themes. Also every newspaper contains a bikini photo of an actress or model these days. Bombay Times horoscope section had a 2 piece bikini photo of Angelina Jollie on her birthday.

The depiction of women in such a way is an insult to womanhood but we are used to enjoy them with little concern about the female respect and dignity, which used to be the salient feature of our ancient tradition.

Recent research studies say that sexual content is associated with sexual behaviour patterns (Manganello, Franzini, and Jordan, 2008), and since Indian TV commercials or movies are repeated more often, it is assumed that the adult and sexual content reaches a younger audience whose idea of sexuality may be whollu derived from the media.






Has The Media gone Sadist in Nature?


Every human on this planet reads or hears to various forms of media everyday. It could be a newspaper or a book or a television set or the internet and accordingly people spend time on it. All this time spend on reading or hearing to media raises the question- ‘is this going to leave an effect?’ Surprisingly the answer is YES! The effect is good or bad definitely depends on the content that is viewed or heard. However, the urban India of 21st century has witnessed mobbing public cry on the impact of media violence on its audience, especially on children.

According to the research papers, people who are more exposed to media, particularly children, come under the influence of violence portrayed in it. Prolonged exposure to such media portrayals results in increased acceptance of violence as an appropriate means of solving problems and achieving one's goals. The impact of violence exposure can lead to depression, anxiety, fear, sleep disturbances, aggressive behaviour, nightmares, lack of empathy, and even desensitization to violence, which means real-life tragedy no longer upsets or shocks the viewer (The American Academy of Paediatrics).

The film and television industry in particular has glamorised violence. The ‘Idiot Box’ has enabled cinema to enter our home making violence a home affair. Earlier films did have violent scene but the representation was different. It was subtle in a way (L. Rowell Huesmann). Today, movies like Dhoom, Singham, Dabaang, Agneepath, etc. only expose violence, abuse, assault, rape, murder. Every kid wants to be a kick ass hero like Ajay Devgan from Singham or like Arnold Schwarzenegger from the Terminator. The kids tend to imitate and experience what they see (American Psychology Association). Just like how people like to imitate fashion and styles of film stars, sports celebrities, etc., children imitate certain things from what they watch on television. The best example here is the Shaktiman case. The serial was accused for the death and injury of several children who tried either to imitate the superhero or endangered themselves in order to be rescued by him. Nowadays, even children’s cartoon films like Ben 10, Chota Bhim, Power Rangers, etc. are violence-packed. Thanks to the advancement of technology it almost gives a realistic feel to the scenes portrayed.  Here in, kids fails to differ the real life from the reel life (John E. Richardson).

Media violence need not necessarily leave an impact on kids and teenagers but also on the elderly class. Such continuous exposure to violence on television leads one to view his world as a fearful and crime ridden place. Like in the movie Mumbai Meri Jaan, Maddy who played the role of a common Mumbai man, petrified even at the thought of travelling in the Mumbai local trains after the blast. He finds everything and everyone around him suspicious. This was the result of the character being overly exposed to the media. After every blast or a terror attack somehow we all get terrified of visiting that place of incident because we are continuously exposed to that place of crime through TV or newspapers.

Violence is everywhere. It is in a novel, a movie, a TV show, appearing as front page headlines and breaking news in newspapers and news channels respectively.

However, people from media background may disagree that media violence has impact on society. From their perspective, it's up to the viewers and not the entertainment industry, to decide what one wants to watch or read. They simply believe if you don't like television violence, then turn off the television, simple as that!